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View Full Version : The Eras of Fender Amps


JimmyBlood
February 3rd, 2006, 12:34 AM
Hey guys, since there have been a few inquiries about Fender amps lately, I thought I'd toss out some general stuff about the different eras of Fender amps and how they sound. That way if one comes along, you can pick it up!

Tweeds:
These are the 50's Fenders that are covered in tweed fabric. They all have a particular tone that has a very full midrange, not too bright, and not too bassy, and they overdrive like crazy when you crank them up. The dirty sound is swirly and gritty and delicious. They came with Jensen AlNiCo speakers that add to the overdrive as well. These are the amps that inadvertently birthed the Marshall sound. If Fender had stuck with their tweed circuits, all the rockers would be playing these. Some had tremolo, but none had reverb. They stay clean till only about 3 on the dial and just get dirtier the more you turn them up. They're pretty rare. Here's a pic of one (my '57 Fender Vibrolux).
http://img136.imageshack.us/img136/2166/v13im.jpg (http://imageshack.us)

Brownface/Blondes:
These have less overdrive than the tweeds, and are covered in either Blonde Tolex or Brown Tolex and all had brown faceplates. They have a tighter distortion sound, and stay clean longer (till about 4-5 on the vol knob). They don't have as thick a midrange, and have slightly more treble than the tweeds. Some of them had tremolo, but still no reverb. They were made in the early 60s. Pic is from the Ampwares Fender amp field guide.

http://www.ampwares.com/ffg/bassman_blonde_6g6_62f.jpg


Blackfaces:
These are the Fenders people generally think of when they think Fender. They have the quintessential clean and bright sound. Throughout the evolution of Fender amps they constantly got brighter, cleaner, and louder. The blackface have a scooped mid sound, and a tight bass and glassy treble sound. They stay clean until about 7 or so on the volume knobs, and the non reverb models stay clean almost to 10. Most had tremolo, and a good many of them had reverb. Made from '64 to '67. This era birthed the Twin Reverb and Deluxe Reverb amps.

http://www.ampwares.com/ffg/deluxe_reverb_bf_67f.jpg

Silverfaces:
These came after the blackface and retained a lot of the same circuitry. It takes minimal modification to change them back to blackface. During this era (after CBS bought Fender) there were some silly circuit changes that gave these amps a bad name, but now any good tech can correct these changes. They tended to be similar to the blackface but a little bit brighter, louder, and harsher sounding. The smaller amps didn't get messed with as much, but the largest like the twins got changed pretty quickly. These are still a good value and are very easy to work on, and also very reliable, and once 'blackfaced' inside, they sound the same as the older blackface amps.

http://www.ampwares.com/ffg/vibrolux_reverb_sf_f.jpg

Cassidy
February 3rd, 2006, 06:23 AM
Jimmy... without it being a technical dissertation, can you explain what adjustments are made to a silferface to switch it back to blackface?

Cassidy :cool:

Luke Duke
February 3rd, 2006, 06:50 AM
I've also been told that the Trem circuit used on the Blonde/Brown faces sound much different than the blackface. I was told that the ciruit requires and ADDITIONAL two tubes because it actually changes the pitch.

Hey Jimmy if you ever get a chance do a write up on those Rivera Fenders.

Luke

Etingi
February 3rd, 2006, 03:51 PM
What's the difference between a Vibrolux and a Twin or Bassman or something? I've read a lot about Vibroluxes, but could you please explain a little about them? You don't have to go into a lot of detail, I'm just curious.

FrEtboaRDonFIRE
February 3rd, 2006, 05:10 PM
I've also been told that the Trem circuit used on the Blonde/Brown faces sound much different than the blackface. I was told that the ciruit requires and ADDITIONAL two tubes because it actually changes the pitch.

Hey Jimmy if you ever get a chance do a write up on those Rivera Fenders.

Luke

Hey Luke- I actually own a Rivera era all original Fender Concert head (60 watts all tube)...put simply, it rocks. The clean is sparkly...reverb-y...everything that is quintessential Fender. The overdrive is where you can really hear the 6L6 tubes. It's got this characteristic about it where it seems harsh, but if the eq is set right...it has that perfect SRV thing goin on. The overdrive also goes surprisingly heavy...I could play metal on it with my Ibanez if I wanted to, and it sounds good. It's also the last handwired amp Fender made (sadly), so it's as reliable as a tank. I really wanna get a 4x12 cab for it (still running it through the 2x10 cab I got it with)...but it just sounds great. And Jimmy- I want that Vibrolux too!:p

-=FoF=-

JimmyBlood
February 3rd, 2006, 07:04 PM
Cassidy... it involves changing the bias circuit to a level bias (the silverfaces usually had a bias balance instead), and changing a number of resistors and couple caps. It's not a big deal, but it makes the sound warmer and more 3-d. On some of them there are capacitors in place to make the amp more stable because of the messier wiring. The blackface amps were built very neatly and were more stable, while some of the silverfaces needed the caps because of improper lead dress (wire layout). Some of them has a bias circuit that was half fixed bias, half cathode bias, which sounded like poop, and must be taken out. But it's certainly not on all of them.

Luke, the tweed/brown trem sounds a lot fuller than the blackface. A couple of the amps used an actual pitch vibrato effect that did require more tube stages, but all the ones with tremolo require the same number of tube stages to make it happen. Honestly, I don't know enough about the Rivera era amps to say much at all. I've only worked on a couple, and the only one I owned was a Super Champ.

Etingi, there were tweed vibrolux's, brown vibrolux's, blackface, and silverface too. They all sound basically like the descriptions of each type above. The tweed vibrolux is 14 watts, where the Bassman is 40, and the twin is either 40 or 80 depending on if you get the high powered or low powered twin. When you get to the brownface, the vibrolux is still like 15 watts, while the bassman goes up to 40 and the twin is SO rare from this era that it is almost unheard of to see one (they're 80 watts). Then the blackface and silverface vibroluxs go up to 40 watts but they don't have a lot of bass due to a small output transformer, and the bassman here is 40, and the twin is 80+.

Sebber
February 4th, 2006, 04:02 AM
Hey Jimmy, would you happen to know if the reissues in tweed are reissues in sound as WELL as aesthetics?

I've got my eye on one in the shop, it's s/h, and tastefully worn, I think it's a Bassman, but it's definitely clad in the McFender tweed... it's definitely NOT 50 years old however. I've not played it, but I'm damned interested in it!

JimmyBlood
February 4th, 2006, 11:12 AM
The tweed bassman reissue (which is the only tweed reissue other than the hand wired tweed twin, which is like $3,000) is really far from the original in both sound and construction.

The reissue is made on a printed circuit board with flimsy little copper traces, thinner than paper, instead of the heavy wire of the original. Parts are el cheapo 2cent radio shack type parts, and the solder joints are washed on with a machine and prone to breaking. They are biased extremely cold, which results in a super clean and harsh sound that gets really ugly when the amp is cranked. They use reissue Jensen speakers that are really bright and have a harsh upper midrange that the original Jensens didn't. Also, there is a mounting bracket that supports the weight of the power transformer on the original, and the reissues just have a 'fake' screw not connected to anything, just for looks. The cabinets on the reissue are butt jointed instead of using finger joints (which are super strong) so if you ever drop it, the cab may split apart at the corners. The glue that holds the tweed on is extremely weak and you can pull the tweed off with your hands. Basically, everywhere they could save 2 cents like leaving that bracket off, not joining the cab properly, cheap caps, solder wash instead of hand wired, etc, they did it.

What you can do to get most of the tone is bias it hotter and use better tubes. That'll make it warmer and make it drive like it should when you turn it up. You can upgrade to better speakers like Webers or original Jensens. You can replace the entire circuit board with a hand wired board using vintage correct components like a Hoffman board. Then, it'll sound like a bassman. You're stuck with the cab, but hey.

Sebber
February 4th, 2006, 10:25 PM
The tweed bassman reissue (which is the only tweed reissue other than the hand wired tweed twin, which is like $3,000) is really far from the original in both sound and construction...

Thanks Jimster... based on your info I'm rather pleased they didn't take me seriously a couple of months ago when I offered them my TSL 122 as a straight swap for it: the reverb had just died on my TSL, and I was getting some intermittent output issues at the time that was driving me nuts, so I was feeling a little anti-my-amp at the time... I’m pleased that I checked it out myself: the intermittent output turned out to be a badly seated valve (the one in it’s own funny little metal case thing), the reverb I still need to get sorted (had the unit out though, like a couple of springs mounted in a metal tray, pretty cool).

Based on your sage words I think I’d rather just get my reverb fixed, stick new Electro-Harmonix valves in it (local pro to do both) and be happy with what I’ve got!